About
Sean Drake, PhD, is an assistant professor/faculty fellow in the Department of Applied Statistics, Social Science, and Humanities at NYU Steinhardt. He holds a BA in social psychology (with honors) from Stanford University, and a PhD in sociology from the University of California, Irvine. Dr. Drake's research interests include school and neighborhood segregation, immigration and assimilation patterns, and racial stereotypes and attitudes. His current research examines the features and causes of school segregation in communities where levels of residential segregation are low, the symbolic and overt criminalization of students who struggle academically, and the ways in which immigrant groups marshal their ethnic resources to assimilate. His work has been published in the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies and Urban Education, and he has authored or co-authored several book chapters in volumes that address racial and ethnic inequality in education. Drake has presented his research at, among other gatherings, the Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, the Annual Conference of Ford Fellows, the Yale Urban Ethnography Project Conference, and the Critical Questions in Education Conference hosted by the Academy for Educational Studies. Prior to joining NYU, as a graduate student at the University of California, Irvine (UCI), Drake was the recipient of a Ford Foundation Dissertation Fellowship and a UCI Faculty Mentor Program Fellowship. He was also named a fellow of the Yale Urban Ethnography Project, and a diversity scholar at the National Center for Institutional Diversity at the University of Michigan. Additionally, Drake served as a member of the UCI Graduate Dean's Diversity Council, Lead Mentor in the Chancellor's Excellence Scholarship program, and graduate student mentor in the Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship program.
Current Work
In 1954, the US Supreme Court ruled that a system of "separate but equal" schools for Blacks and Whites was "inherently unequal," thus ending de jure segregation in American schools. Racial segregation, however, persists in American schools. While researchers have linked the continued segregation of schools to the racial and class segregation of neighborhoods, school segregation also exists within neighbourhoods and independent of residential segregation. Drawing on two years of fieldwork at two dissimilar high schools, Dr. Drake unveils an unforgiving institutional culture and process of school segregation in an affluent, racially diverse Southern California suburb. A nationally-ranked, elite comprehensive high school, where enrolment is predominantly Asian, White, and affluent, supports an exacting institutional success frame. Students who fall short of meeting this frame are subject to academic segregation; they are jettisoned to a separate and unequal high school, in the same neighborhood, where the enrollment is disproportionately Black, Latino, and working class.These students who experience academic segregation are discredited and criminalized for their academic struggles: at their new school, they encounter restrictive metal fences and ga,EST panoptic surveillance by armed police, and a curriculum that disqualifies them from direct enrollment in a four-year college. Academic segregation reproduces ethnoracial and socioeconomic inequality in an integrated, affluent community, and the institutional success frame provides a rationale for institutional actors to legitimize and justify the inequality. This work has implications for our understanding of the ways in which school reproduce inequality in broader society. A second current of Professor Drake's ethnographic research focuses on the ways in which immigrant groups in the United States marshal their social and ethnic resources (social and ethnic capital) to assimilate in American society. Assimilation scholars have consistently described assimilation as a one-sided process. Whether positing that immigrant incorporation into a new society follows a steady trend of boundary dissolution, or that different immigrant groups assimilate into various strata within a host society, the underlying premise is that new immigrants gradually conform to mainstream cultures and institutions. Few have considered that assimilation can be a two-sided process in which immigrants greatly influence dominant cultures and institutions. Drake finds that highly resources immigrant groups are able to advantage their youth by embedding forms of ethnic capital within local institutions such as schools. This institutionalization of ethnic capital compels local school official to assimilate to aspects of the immigrant culture. As such, assimilation becomes a two-sided process.
Research Area Keyword(s)
education, immigration, race/ethnicity, Stereotyping, stratification